Saturday, September 1, 2018

PINOYAPACHE MENTORS LILOAN PEACEKEEPERS

THE MUNICIPALITY OF LILOAN, Province of Cebu, celebrates the National Peace Consciousness Month every year as mandated in Proclamation 675 of 2004, by initiating a 4-day Revitalization Program and Training for the Barangay Peace Action Team (BPAT) on September 20 to 23, 2017. This will be participated by the BPATs of Cabadiangan, Calero, Catarman, Cotcot, Jubay, Lataban, Mulao, Poblacion, San Roque, San Vicente, Santa Cruz, Tabla, Tayud and Yati.

This is to instill greater consciousness and understanding among the citizenry on the comprehensive peace process to strengthen and sustain institutional and popular support for and participation in this effort; and to promote a Culture of Peace based on non-violence, respect for fundamental rights and freedoms, tolerance, understanding and solidarity. This year’s theme is “Puso para sa Kapayapaan, Magkaisa para sa Bayan”.

This event attended by BPAT is held at Dulce & Edwin Catering Services in Tayud, where all topics are to be discussed, such as: Orientation on Barangay Policing, Police Community Relations, RA 9262, RA 9208, Improvised Explosive Devices, Barangay Blotter System, RA 9165 and Relevant DDB Regulations, BADAC, MASAMASID, Report Writing, First Aid/BLS, Incident Command System, Katarungang Pambarangay and General Welfare Ordinances. 

My participation is anchored on the invitation of the Municipality of Liloan, through their municipal administrator and MDRRMO designate, Mr. Hammurabi G. Bugtai. My topics are Batas Pambansa Bilang 6 (BP No. 6), RA 10591, and Role of a First Responder to the different BPATs on September 21. The participants filled a large room full and I have the whole afternoon and their wholehearted attention to myself. 

A BPAT member, whom we knew before as a barangay tanod, is the village peacekeeper. Although, they serve the public on volunteer basis, they are not law enforcers. They simply do not have the training and the capacity to carry out the job of a regular public servant tasked to enforce laws and go after armed criminals. They cannot be issued government firearms either and so could never defend themselves.

They do not receive salaries. What they get is a monthly honorarium, which is so minuscule that it could not support themselves for a week, much less to those who has a family to feed. They simply do not have the motivation to expose their life to danger in the service of their community. They are reliable if you need information but you cannot compel them to fight street wars for you.

I understood the obstacles why a village peacekeeper would not gamble their lives to suppress crime. I am a former law enforcer myself and their brethren aided me when things get complicated. They can be helpful in many ways and it is these kind of help where you would want the most. But, first, you have to train them. Teach them the finer ways of peacekeeping and that is where I appreciate the initiative of the Municipality of Liloan.

During my years with the force, I developed that street smartness which helped me survive the streets and crime-prone areas, enforcing laws in the dead of night where chances diminished by a slim thread. Yes I was armed but it does not make me bullet proof. It is those instances that would guide my empathy towards the BPAT and they should be taught urban survival.

My first topic is about the law on gun possession and ownership. I gave them an overview of PD 1866 and RA 8294 so they could see and distinguish for themselves how our gun laws evolved before I would discuss RA 10591. I wrote on the whiteboard, the state agencies tasked to enforce this new law and the only government office given the authority to process and issue firearms licenses.

In much the same way, I let them know the persons who are authorized, by law, to possess, keep, own and use firearms; the type of firearms that can be legally issued or registered to; and the different types of licenses that can be issued to any private individual. Ownership of firearms in the Philippines is not a right but a privilege only and the state has the right to remove that privilege anytime when it sees need.

On this topic, the BPATs understood very well the obstacles why they cannot be issued any government firearm, much less, use it in the performance of their duties. They may own a firearm as a private citizen though, provided they have complied with the requirements and, using that as basis, can even be authorized to carry it outside residence. It becomes complicated only when its use is beyond what it is intended for.

The next topic is BP No. 6. This law is the amendment of PD 9 and it reduced the penalty in the possession of bladed, pointed and blunt instruments to imprisonment of less than one year or fine of less than P2,000. BP No. 6 is used to regulate the carrying of knives outside residences and in public places unless used as instruments to earn a livelihood or in pursuit of a lawful activity.

It is important to impart to them that fishermen, farmers, butchers, foresters, cooks, outdoor guides, electricians, gardeners, knife collectors, vendors, tailors and any person who happen to use knives to earn a livelihood are considered lawful calling. Lawful activities may be cooking, fishing, farming, hiking, bushcraft, mountaineering, camping, knife shows, film-making, vending, etc. Going in transit to fulfill an occupation or a lawful activity is considered legal.  

Bladed weapons, despite its obvious appearance as instruments of harm, has its lawful users like the military, law enforcement officers, houses of royalty, traditional martial artists and the indigenous people. Its activities include tactical and peacekeeping operations, cultural ceremonies, martial arts demonstrations, hunting, film-making, etc. Like bladed tools, it is legal to transit it in the fulfillment of a lawful calling and activities.

Role of a First Responder is the last topic. I am retrieving my many years of experience as a law enforcement officer and share it with the BPATs. What should be the role of a BPAT when responding to an incident? What should he or she do when arriving first at the scene? And what thereafter? There are many scenarios and I discussed to them the best possible way to act in consideration of the limited resources at their disposal.

First Scenario: Low-Risk Incidents. These are reports of domestic violence, drunk persons and petty crimes. You can pacify on the spot the people involved and, if that could not be helped, call for back-up and let things settle down in your barangay hall. No unnecessary force needed. It is a social problem which only the community could help solve.

Second Scenario: High-Risk Incidents. These are reports of suspicious person(s), armed individual(s) or a crime in progress. You have no firearm and you are not allowed by law to carry one. There is nothing you can do by yourself there or you will be exposed to harm. You immediately call for back-up and the police. Describe the person(s) involved and the place(s) where you last seen the suspect(s).

Third Scenario: Crime Scenes. This is crime that had already been consummated. What you have there is the body of the crime and the evidences. Preserve the crime scene by cordoning it off from bystanders to prevent adulterating and tampering, accidental or not. If you happen to posses an evidence with you, do the necessary documentation and preserve the custody chain to as few people as possible.    

Fourth Scenario: Medical in Nature. These are subdivided into three classes: Minor Emergencies, Less-Grave Emergencies and Grave Emergencies. Minor Emergencies are cuts on non-vital organs, sprains or a case of malnutrition. Less-Grave Emergencies are pregnancies, animal bites, dislocations, minor burns or slight hypothermia. 

Grave Emergencies are stab and gunshot wounds, snakebites, head injuries, drowning, unconscious person, severe burns, bone fractures, severe bleeding, traumatic amputations, heat stroke or severe hypothermia. If you are trained in BLS/CPR, you may proceed in reviving victim or treat victim of injury, wound or shock and then transport it to the nearest hospital. If you are not, call immediately for back-up and EMS, Fire or Police.

Fifth Scenario: Disasters and Calamities: These are bigger incidents caused by man or by nature like Conflagrations, Severe Floods, Landslides, Capsized Boats or Armed Encounters. Evacuate immediately all residents to safety, except for capsized boats, and immediately alarm DRRMO, EMS, Police, Fire and all available civic rescue units. Initiate early ICS. For sea disasters, utilize any available rescue crafts and give an alarm.    
 
On September 23, I am invited to be one of the judges for the showdown among the BPATs based on what they learned for the past three days from different resource speakers. The venue is the Liloan National High School. They would be graded according to their performance on Arrest Procedures and Report Writing. In the final tabulations, the Poblacion BPAT came out the winner, followed by Calero BPAT and San Vicente BPAT.

The opportunity to share my knowledge with the BPATs of Liloan, along with the other resource speakers, gave them the understanding of their limitations, enhanced their policing skills and further boosted their knowledge that would result to a better system in maintaining the peace and order situation in their respective communities. On my part, it had also tapped knowledge which need to be shared to prevent waste of lives.

Furthermore, the learning processes which were tested on the last day exposed their weaknesses and it is recommended that the Revitalization Program be held yearly, concentrating more on where they are most wanting by providing them better instructions. It is also recommended that relevant topics be taught and remove those which are not necessary anymore.

Finally, this writer salutes the initiative of the Municipality of Liloan and may their program be replicated by other local government units. Congratulations then to the Hon. Mayor Ma. Esperanza Christina G. Codilla-Frasco for her vision, leadership and in initiating this program. Congratulations also for her council for their unwavering support and to Mr. Bugtai for implementing this and the invitation.

Document done in LibreOffice 5.3 Writer
Some photos courtesy of Hammurabi Bugtai

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